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AgAlerts 2007 From Griggs County
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Issue # 4, June 15, 2007
Cereal aphids have been found in small numbers in Griggs County. The recent southerly storms have helped move these aphids up from the winter wheat growing areas. Reports from neighboring states indicate high populations of aphids carrying the barley yellow dwarf virus. Jan Knodel, NDSU Extension Entomologist, recommends the following scouting and thresholds for aphids.
When to Scout: Field scouting should begin at stem elongation and continue up to the heading stage of wheat.
Thresholds for Small Grain Aphids: English Grain, Bird Cherry Oat, Greenbug
To protect small grains from yield loss due to aphid feeding, three different treatment thresholds are available:
85% stems with at least one aphid present, prior to complete heading.
12-15 aphids per stem prior to complete heading
100 aphid days prior to complete heading (=0.6 bu/acre yield loss)
If you averaged 10 aphids per stem and had 12 days to reach heading, you would have 120 aphid days (10 aphids x 12 days). This is above the 100 aphid day threshold and an insecticide should be applied to prevent yield loss. On the other hand, if you averaged only one aphid per stem and had 12 days to reach heading, you would only have 12 aphids days (1 aphids x 12 days). Thus, no control action would be necessary.
The wet, favorable weather conditions, has triggered tan
spot and rust to occur in small grains. All these diseases can be
controlled with the use of fungicides.
Tan Spot: Typical symptoms are 1/8" to 1/4" diameter tan spots
on the leaves surrounded by a yellow halo. Under favorable weather
conditions, these spots will spread and join together. Under cool weather
conditions, the spots may have a purplish halo. For more information and
pictures click on the following link. Tan
Spot
Leaf Rust: Leafy rust pustules are nearly round and are much
smaller than those of stem rust. They are yellowish red and may be so
closely spaced on heavily rusted plants that they give the leaves an orange-red
appearance. As the plants ripen, the rust pustules darken and may appear
black. The dark color is caused by the formation of thick-walled, dark
brown, overwintering teliospores.
Stripe Rust: Infection and sporulation require cool night
temperatures. Stripe rust produces yellow pustules on the heads and
leaves. Pustules on leaves are elongate and often extend the entire length
of the leaf blade.
I know several areas were treated in Griggs County in 2003 through this program. The Wildlife Services (WS) is currently taking applications for the 2007 cattail management program. The cattail management program is a cost-free program to producers. The presence of sunflower next to wetlands is not required for the program. If you know of anyone that might be interested in the program, please have them contact Wildlife Services at 1-866-487-3297. I Or contact the Griggs County Extension Office, 797-3312 or the Griggs County NRCS, 797-2240, for applications for enrollment. To be eligible for spraying, each wetland must meet certain requirements:
Corn can be side-dressed with anhydrous ammonia with no adverse effect. Anhydrous ammonia is knifed between corn rows at any reasonable rate. Once corn has emerged, wait until the corn is about 5-leaf stage to apply. For full yield potential, side-dress should be made by the 8 to10 leaf-stage. Other options are 28% applied with a shallow knife application, 28% or urea cultivated in (dribbled between the rows, not broadcast to avoid having urea dropped in the whorl where it can cause burning of leaf tissue). If all options are exhausted, dribbling on liquid N between the rows and allowing rain to move it into the soil.
Annual report by George B. Simons for 1942-1943
Crop Production Increased
Griggs County
Farmers have responded well to the nation's call for increased production of
farm crops. Wheat acreage was increased 7 percent over previous year;
barley, 36 percent; oats, 7 percent; flax, 90 percent; and corn 21
percent. The acreage of feed crops such as millet and corn were also
increased. Because of the shortage of labor and weather conditions,
thousands of tons of hay was left uncut.
Farmers who increased their barley and oat crop acreage
realized an excellent income as these crops yielded exceptionally high and
prices for barley varied from $.90 to $1.15 per bushel while oats sold for $.60
to $.75 a bushel.
Over 50 farmers received new varieties of oats last
spring. Yields on the new varieties such as Tama, Vicland and Boone were
superior to standard varieties.
Soybeans Tried Again
Several farmers
in the county planted soybeans again this year in an effort to determine the
value as a cash crop. Because of the early frost and late maturing ability
of soybeans, yields were 10 bushels and less per acre.
Farmers who tried soybeans found it quite difficult to keep
weeds down as these plants furnished no competition for weed growth. The
opinion is somewhat divided as to whether or not soybeans will be grown another
year. However, some will plant them on an experimental basis. Those
who planted soybeans this year sold them in Fargo for $1.80 a bushel.
Australian winter peas were seeded on the Torger Soma, Alf
Overby, and Herlof Huso farms this year for the first time. Yields were
small and growers experienced some difficulty in harvesting them.
Corn Hybrid Variety Trials
Three corn hybrid
variety trials were conducted on the Perry Haaland farm north of Hannaford,
Harry Kolpin farm southwest of Sutton and Harry Dramstad farm southwest of
Cooperstown.
The varieties of corn included in the trials were Nodakybrid
202, Kingscrost KE-2, Wisconsin 279, and Minhybrid 701. These varieties
were checked several times during the summer.
Harry Kolpin had the outstanding plot. Nodakhybrid 202,
Kingscrost KE-2, and Wisconsin 279 matured very well under our conditions
whereas Minhybrid 701 failed to mature.
Last spring extra effort was expanded in an attempt to secure
seed corn for farmers. 55 bushes of Wisconsin 255 were purchased from a
Wisconsin grower and matured well under our conditions. Its maturity is
comparable to the three mature varieties mentioned above.
Hybrid trials showed very good growth, had strength of stalk,
and more ears per plant than did the regular open pollen varieties.
Efforts will be continued next year on early hybrid varieties
that were included in these trials.
Please Contact Our Office For Additional Information
E-mail: john.swenson@ndsu.edu
Go to the 2007 AgAlert Index Page