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June 15, 2006

Hortiscope

Ronald C. Smith, Horticulturist
NDSU Extension Service

Q: We had sod installed at our new home by a professional landscaping company. The day before the sod was laid, heavy rains saturated the ground and washed out the subgrade. The sod was laid the following day. Because of the soggy ground, the entire lawn has deep ruts and holes. Some areas are large enough that water temporarily ponds. The landscaper wants to spread black dirt over the entire lawn/sod and seed to fix the holes and smooth things out. I have heard that this is not the proper way to fix a bumpy lawn. Any advice on this? (Lino Lakes, Minn.)

A: Variations of this are done on golf courses and athletic fields all the time. Why wouldn't it work on a home lawn? The lesson to be learned is that the landscaper was in too much of a hurry to get the job done right and now has to come back and fix things, which wipes out any profit for the landscaper. Make sure that high-quality topsoil is brought in and that the seed will produce a grass that is compatible in quality and appearance to the original sod.

Q: A client is wondering if there is a product that you can add to flowerbeds to take care of weeds, but won't kill the flowers. (e-mail reference)

A: Yes, it is called Preen and is available at almost every garden store.

Q: I was wondering if you could answer a question about tulips. I have several tulips that have bloomed. Do I need to do anything to the tulips once the blooms have wilted? Do I need to cut off the flower and leave the stem or just leave the whole thing alone? (e-mail reference)

A: Once the bloom is spent, cut off the stem. Allow the foliage to remain until it turns yellow and then pull it gently from the bulb. The tulips should bloom again next year.

Q: I have a question about my lilac bush. It appears that my neighbor’s cat has clawed the bark at the bottom of the bush. On some branches, it goes all the way around the stem. I am hoping this will not kill the plant. Do you think I could prune it back in the fall with the hopes of saving it? (e-mail reference)

A: Established lilacs are tough plants, so yours should survive the clawing. You likely will get some new growth coming out of the crown, which you can then manage the way you want. Cut out the girdled stems because they are dead, even if they leaf out this summer. After that, get some Liquid Fence and spray it around the bush to keep the cat away. This stuff doesn't smell nice, so it should keep the cat and any other mischief-makers away from your plants.

Q: I have a ton of maple helicopters in my yard. I figured my lawn mower would pick them up, but it didn't and there's a lot left. I tried to rake them, but that didn't work. If I leave them in my yard, will the maple helicopters kill the grass? (e-mail reference)

A: I would be more concerned about the trees that are producing such a heavy seed set than about the lawn grass. You might want to get the trees inspected. As for your lawn, the seeds eventually will whither and blow away. If you still are concerned, you can rent a lawn vacuum from a local tool rental agency that will do an excellent job.

Q: I am looking for a Web site that will show me exactly what flowering crab colors are available. I am looking for a dwarf variety to plant in my front yard. (e-mail reference)

A: Google some nursery Web sites, such Bailey's, Monrovia, and Jackson and Perkins. There should be something in one or all of them.

Q: My friend has a miniature Japanese lilac tree that has a 6-foot tall sucker. Is it possible to cut the sucker near the soil and replant it somewhere else? (e-mail reference)

A: Yes, as long as it isn't going to flower. Do it going into the evening hours, give it plenty of water and give it a dash of soluble fertilizer.

Q: I have two problems. I need water for my garden and trees. My other problem is that I have a sump pump discharge area that makes a muck hole in my lawn. Can I use the sump pump water to water my garden and trees? I've been told it's not a good idea because the sump pump water is salty. The sump pump water doesn't seem to bother the grassy area it's discharging on. I have very sandy soil, so I don't know if that changes things. Is there someone at NDSU who can test the sump pump water? (Kindred, N.D.)

A: You can try using the sump pump water to see what results you get, but don't leave the hose in one spot. Move the hose around to avoid saturation and salt accumulation. Turfgrass that is established typically has a higher tolerance for salty water than many ornamental plants.

Q: I have strange problem. I planted yellow bearded irises given to me years ago. The irises are in a bed on the south side of my house. They did great for years. Then I got some violet irises and planted them in a section next to the yellow plants. I gave them the same proper feeding, watering and care. Then I noticed that the violet irises were doing well, but the yellow plants were dying. The violet irises still are doing fine, but the yellow irises are not blooming. The same thing happened when I planted a batch of white irises given to me when a relative moved and planted them next to a batch of violet irises. They were not intermingled. In a few years, the white irises gradually died out and the violet irises took over. What is the problem? I can’t find any information about this problem in my books or on the Web. (e-mail reference)

A: I certainly don't consider myself an expert on growing irises, but do know that purple is the naturally dominant color. It might be the other colors are not as robust or hardy as the purple irises in your environment, so eventually they die out. We have mixed irises in our home garden with no apparent problems. If an iris expert reads this column, I'm sure I'll get a correction or addition to this statement, which I would certainly welcome!

Q: I have two dwarf apple trees (not sure of the type) that are a few years old. Last summer they had some sort of fungus. The leaves had almost all fallen off by the time I found a spray to use. This spring the trees started to bud and then stopped. The buds are dark and now there seems to be a gray, dusty film on the trees. The trees appear to be dead. I scraped the bark with my fingernail and found a light brown coloring underneath, but with a little bit of green. Is there a way to tell if these trees are completely gone or worth trying to save? If I do try new trees, what are some hardier varieties? (Sioux Falls, S.D.)

A: The trees are toast. Make your purchases from a local garden center, not a national chain. The local garden center will have cultivars that are suitable for your location.

Q: I just found out how to harvest tulip seeds. I’m planning to harvest my tulips because we are moving to a new house. While waiting for them to finish blooming, my grandfather passed away. At the funeral, there was a beautiful bouquet of cut tulips. Will I be able to harvest any seeds from the bouquet? They have just lost their petals, so I need to know if I can cut the seed parts now or wait for the stems to dry out. Any advice is appreciated. (e-mail reference)

A: If pollination took place, there probably are some seeds in the pods. If pollination did not occur, then the pods will be empty. All you can do is wait. Usually, florist flowers are grown in a greenhouse (I don't think tulips are, but am unsure). If so, it is in their interest to keep pollination from taking place so the flowers last longer.

Q: During the winter, there were several ice patches in my yard. Now that spring/summer is here, my lawn is green and growing, but the grass is dead at the places where the ice was. What can I do? Should I dig up the dead spots and reseed or wait to see if the grass starts to grow? (Battleview, N.D.)

A: Ice encasement often kills grass. Scratch the dead areas with a rake and reseed by mixing the seed with the loosened soil. No need to dig up each patch. Keep things simple!

Q: Can you tell me where to purchase indoor house plants, such as baby tears, piggyback and all the ivies? I am in a wheelchair and can’t get outside to plant flowers, so I like indoor plants. Please help me. (e-mail reference)

A: Go to www.waysidegardens.com for the Wayside Gardens catalog. Wayside Gardens is one of the world's largest mail-order sources for plants of all kinds.

Q: I took my geraniums into the house last fall because they were so beautiful and felt the oxygen created by the plants would be good. I seem to kill every plant I've ever had, so I gave up. I thought the geraniums also would die, but to my surprise they were beautiful all winter. Now they are blooming. Should I cut them back and then water and fertilize when I see new growth? Do I handle them differently because they are blooming? Do I have to replant or can I leave them in the same pots? (e-mail reference)

A: Great news! Just leave them in the same pots unless you want to propagate more geraniums through stem cuttings.

Q: I have an ornamental weeping birch in my garden. Many of the branches are touching the ground and part of a stone patio. Should I trim those branches so they don't touch? Also, the tree doesn't seem to grow. Do you think I planted it too deeply? The tree is leafing beautifully and appears to be very healthy. (Minneapolis, Minn.)

A: Be patient because birches have a continuous growth cycle, not a start-and-stop cycle as do many other species. Now that it has leafed out, you can carefully prune the branches that are in your way. I have to do it every summer with my weeping birch, which is now close to 60 feet tall. To check on the planting depth, dig around the base of the trunk with your hands and see if you hit root flares right away. If you do, the tree is OK. If you have to go down more than 2 to 4 inches before reaching the roots, it was planted too deeply and the soil should be pulled back.

Q: As usual, I read your section in today's paper. I learned from it and enjoyed it. Thank you.

Last year our flower garden was taken over by grass and weeds. During the winter, I heard of a product that can be sprayed on a flower garden to kill the grass/weeds, but not hurt the flowers, shrubs, groundcovers or bulbs. I wrote down the name and had it on our desk, but it's gone and I can't remember the name of the product. I was unsuccessful in my attempt to find it on your Web site. If you know what the name of this product is, please let me know. Also, if there are drawbacks or other negative aspects of it, please share those as well. Again, thank you for being such a great resource! (Buchanan, N.D.)

A: Your flattery is uplifting. Thank you! The product you want still is on the market, just under a different name. The product is called Hi-Yield Grass Killer. It has the same active ingredient as Poast, but is set up for small-scale gardens. No drawbacks as long as the directions are followed.

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Source: Ron Smith, (701) 231-8161, ronsmith@ndsuext.nodak.edu
Editor:
Rich Mattern, (701) 231-6136, richard.mattern@ndsu.nodak.edu


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