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September 28, 2006

Hortiscope

Ronald C. Smith, Horticulturist
NDSU Extension Service

Q: Two weeks ago, a very large tree came down and landed on a row of mature lilac bushes. Will the lilac bushes survive? When removing the fallen tree, what care should be given to the lilac bushes? If they survive, I would like to transplant them about 20 miles from where they are now. The new area has more sandy soil. What care should I take to transplant the bushes? What is the best time of year to transplant? (e-mail reference)

A: Please go to my site on lilacs at www.ext.nodak.edu/extnews/hortiscope/shrub/lilac.htm. Normal care should be exercised when removing the tree from the lilacs. They likely will survive.

 

Q: Can you tell me why the echinacea plants I have in my garden bloom with pale-colored flowers? They appear almost whitish-pink instead of the normal purple. I believe I bought them as purple coneflowers. My garden gets moderate sun and average rain. Do I need to add something to the soil? (e-mail reference)

A: I'm not sure, but it could be a virus that is affecting your plants. The plants may have leaf hoppers who often carry virus diseases to the plants they feed upon. If the plants don't go back to normal color next year, I would suggest getting them out of your garden.

 

Q: Do you recommend Wilt-Pruf for arborvitaes? Last year, they died after winter. They are not very protected from the wind and snow. Would burlap work better? (Sioux Falls, S.D.)

A: Burlap would be better. The Wilt-Pruf label says, "When spraying on arborvitae, cypress, juniper, and cedar; be aware that if these species have not sufficiently hardened off for the winter whereby moisture retreats to the root system, moisture in plant cells could freeze and burst if early severe freezing weather should occur." We've had problems with arborvitae in the past because it sometimes doesn’t harden off sufficiently, resulting in winter damage.

 

Q: We live in Pembina County. Five years ago, we planted 25 bur oak trees that are growing well. However, there is one tree that leafs out with a burgundy-red color. I have not been able to find out why or what species of oak tree it is. Can you tell me what this is? (e-mail reference)

A: A genetic aberration that may or may not have significance in the nursery business. Keep track of it during the next few years. If it continues to behave this way, get back in touch with me because our woody plant researcher is always interested in new variations of trees.

 

Q: I was hoping you could advise me about transplanting cottonwoods. We're located on a ranch in the sand hills along the Nebraska/South Dakota border. We'd like to plant cottonwoods for shade and windbreaks in our pastures. There are hundreds of little cottonwoods by our house that we could transplant. When would be the best time of year to dig up the trees? When would be the best time to plant? Can they be stored for some stretch of time while they are dormant? (e-mail reference)

A: The digging and planting time should be as close together as possible for maximum tree establishment. This would be in the fall after they have gone dormant or early spring before they break into new growth.

 

Q: We bought a red maple tree last fall. It was staked, but with new growth it could hold its own. The last couple of months we have been fighting bees, flies and tiny ants that love the leaves. At this point, the leaves are green, but the tips are brown and dry. We see no other visible sign of stress, but some of the leaves have tiny spots on them. We apply Sevin, Daconil, fertilizer and water, but not daily. (e-mail reference)

A: The swarming insects were attracted to the honeydew the spider mites were producing while feeding on the foliage. That would account for the small spots you are seeing on many of the leaves. The brown tips could be the result of the high temperatures we experienced this summer. It also could be an indication of overwatering or applying the insecticide or fungicide during the hot spell. It also could be a result of too much fertilizer being applied. Keep the soil moist, but not soggy. Stop fertilizing and applying insecticides, especially Sevin. Also, quit using fungicides. The tree should recover nicely, if you follow this basic advice.

 

Q: I have a lilac bush that has leaf rollers on the leaves. How do I get rid of them without hurting the lilac bush and the environment? When is the best time to do it? (e-mail reference)

A: The best time is when the pests are actively feeding. For control, use Bayer Advanced Tree and Shrub Insect Control. It is a systemic that is picked up by the roots and translocated throughout the plant. It lasts for up to 12 months. Be sure to follow label directions.

 

Q: I have several volunteer trees on my land (cottonwood, ash, elm and hackberry). I would like to transplant them to another area and keep them growing. Can you tell me how and when to do this? (e-mail reference)

A: Autumn, after the trees drop their leaves, is the best time. Dig out as much of the root as possible and then immediately plant the trees at the same depth. Water in well and let the trees take off next year.

 

Q: I just bought a home in West Fargo. The previous owner neglected the front lawn and two large evergreen trees. We have tried vigorously raking the grass numerous times and planting grass, but nothing grows. I am removing one of the trees next spring. What steps should I take to get the grass to grow? (e-mail reference)

A: You can download information on growing grass at
www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/plantsci/landscap/h1170.pdf.

 

Q: My mom was telling me that when grandma was gardening with her, they used to soak gladiola bulbs in Lysol and water before they planted them. She has no idea why. What would be the reason? Does the Lysol act as an insecticide? (e-mail reference)

A: The Lysol serves as an insecticide (thrips) and fungicide. Good, cheap insurance that is readily available. Go for it!

 

Q: I just planted a new fern leaf peony in a fairly sunny place. I made sure it had plenty of water to establish itself. Was I wrong to do that? It is turning yellow. It's even crisping off near the bottom of the plant. Did all the water take something out of the soil or drown the poor thing? I've doused it with Miracle-Gro a few times. Oh dear. Now what? (Fargo, N.D.)

A: Most likely some root death took place and this is what you are seeing. Stop using the Miracle-Gro. Keep the soil moderately moist, but not soggy, and then wait to see what happens next spring. It may surprise you and come back with a vengeance.

 

Q: A homeowner in Harvey has an unwanted vine. She is concerned it may be poisonous. It is nonwoody, with new or young leaves that are a buckwheat type and close to the same size. The mature leaves are about 3 inches wide and 4 inches long with a small subleaf at the bottom on each side of the stem. The petals are purple to lavender, with a yellow center. The berries are reddish/orange in a teardrop shape. The berries have several small, soft seeds. (e-mail reference)

A: Throw the specimen away. I would say the plant is bittersweet nightshade, which is a perennial that easily can reach 10 feet in height. It isn't poisonous to handle, but the fruit is if consumed. Other parts of the plant are poisonous as well. Birds relish the fruit when it is ripe and do an effective job of spreading the seed. To be on the safe side, I suggest wearing gloves and a long shirt to pull this plant out of the ground, just in case she happens to be allergic to the juices. Thanks for the good description.

 

Q: We enjoy your Hortiscope column. What is the best time to overseed my lawn? We have several thin spots, so I planned to thatch it first, then seed the spots and toss in some lawn food (10-10-10). I'm worried that in the spring, the old grass will shade the seed from germinating. Should I do it now and let the new seeds germinate before winter? I plan on using Kentucky Bluegrass. Thanks again for all your wonderful information in your Hortiscope column. Go Bison! (e-mail reference)

A: Now is the perfect time (between Aug. 15 and Sept. 15) to do the dethatching and overseeding. You are right on with the Kentucky bluegrass blend as well. The fertilizer doesn't have to be a triple 10-10-10. A starter or winterizer type, such as 28-3-10 or something similar, will do the job. Thanks for the nice comments and for being Bison fans!

 

Q: We have a green ash tree with a crack in the fork. The crack extends about halfway down the trunk. It appears that the wood on both sides of the inside of the crack is rotted, but otherwise the tree appears healthy. I checked your archives and found that you told someone with a similar problem to drill and bolt the tree together in March or April. Can we do this now or is it too late in the season? Also, we've been told that our spruce trees have needlecast. The remedy we were given is to spray the entire tree with Dacinin in the spring for the next two to three years. In your archives, I see that you recommend spraying with Bravo (chlorothalonil) or a bordeau mixture for two years in early June and early July. Which is the best solution to this problem? We would hate to lose these beautiful trees. (Jamestown, N.D.)

A: You can bolt the tree now, but I don't like the rotted wood you mentioned. If you can, get a qualified arborist to inspect the tree because you might be wasting your time trying to save it. With the spruce, the recommendation I gave is the only one I know, but that doesn't mean others will not work. If the suggestion came from a qualified individual, then I would believe it.

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Source: Ron Smith, (701) 231-8161, ronsmith@ndsuext.nodak.edu
Editor:
Rich Mattern, (701) 231-6136, richard.mattern@ndsu.nodak.edu


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