Fruit Insect and Disease Control Guide
For the Home Gardener
E-299, February 1992
Dean K. McBride, Extension Entomoloigst
H. Arthur Lamey, Extension Plant Pathologist
Many home fruit plantings are attacked by insects and diseases. Often the infestations
have become well established before the grower realizes what has happened. This circular
sets up a simple fruit spray guide that will not require much extra time or expensive
equipment to do a good job of protecting trees from insects and diseases. Proper use of
this treatment schedule will prevent a pest problem from getting out of control.
Several good "all purpose" sprays can be purchased, and they will do a
satisfactory job when used according to directions. However, for the grower who wishes to
follow a more detailed spray schedule and mix his own insecticidal/fungicidal
combinations, information on how to mix the chemicals and when to apply them is offered.
Sanitation is critical in keeping many diseases in check. Diseased fruit should be
picked off the trees and picked up from the ground. Destroy (by burning) the infected
fruit, especially brown rot or scab diseased fruit. Prune out and destroy black-knot
diseased branches.
Fruit Insects and Diseases
ALL PURPOSE FRUIT SPRAY: The following spray schedule is set up to provide
maximum protection from insects and diseases that are likely to injure fruit trees. The
various spray combinations may be mixed or purchased as "all purpose" fruit
sprays. Timing the application is extemely important.
Stone Fruits -- Plums, Cherry-Plums, etc.
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INSECTS OR DISEASES MATERIAL TO USE PER
WHEN TO APPLY TO CONTROL 1 GALLON OF WATER*
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DORMANT SPRAY: Black Knot, Plum Pockets Lime sulfur 10 T
Apply before
buds show green
at tips.
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PREBLOOM SPRAY: Black Knot, Brown Rot Captan 50% WP 1.5-2T
When most blossoms Benomyl 50% WP 0.5T
show color and
before blossoms
open.
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BLOOM SPRAY: Do not apply a multi-purpose spray during bloom.
For disease control, use fungicide only
(see prebloom).
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PETAL-FALL SPRAY: Curculio carbaryl (Sevin) 27%
When three-fourths liquid 1 T diazinon
of the petals have 25% EC 2 t
fallen. -----------------------------------------------
Black Knot, Brown Rot Captan 50% WP 1.5-2T
Benomyl 50% WP 0.75-1.5T
Sulfur 2.5 T
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SHUCK SPRAY: Curculio carbaryl (Sevin) 27%
When membranous liquid 1 T
coverings of the diazinon 25% EC 2 t
early developing Brown Rot, Leaf Spot Captan 50% WP 1.5-2T
fruit are Benomyl 50% WP 0.75-1.5T
starting to fall.
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FIRST COVER SPRAY: Same as shuck spray plus carbaryl (Sevin) 27%
Ten days following cankerworms and other diazinon 25% EC 2 t
petal-fall. leaf-feeding caterpillars.
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Brown Rot, Leaf Spots Captan 50% WP 1.5-2T
Benomyl 50% WP 0.75-1.5T
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Three applications for best response. Apply 10
days after shuck spray and follow with two more
applications at 3 week intervals. Wait 30 days
before harvest.
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*WP=wettable powder, EC=emulsifiable concentrate, t=tsp, T=Tbsp
Apples
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INSECTS OR DISEASES MATERIAL TO USE PER
WHEN TO APPLY TO CONTROL 1 GALLON OF WATER*
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PREBLOOM SPRAY: Apple Scab Captan 50% WP 2 T
When leaves are Benomyl 50% WP 0.5 t
1/4" long until + Captan 50% WP 1 T
pink (may need 3 sprays).
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PINK SPRAY: Apple Scab Same as prebloom.
Start when fruit
buds show pink Curculio carbaryl (Sevin) 27% liquid 1 T
at tip. diazinon 25% EC 2 t
malathion 57% EC 2 t
Fire Blight Streptomycin 2/3-1 1/3 t,
3 sprays at 5-day intervals.
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PETAL-FALL SPRAY: Codling Moth, carbaryl (Sevin) 27% liquid 1 T
After 3/4 petals Curculio diazinon 25% EC 2 t
have fallen. malathion 50-57% EC 2 t
Apple Scab Captan 50% WP 2 T
Benomyl 50% WP 0.5 t
+ Captan 50% WP 1 T
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FIRST COVER SPRAY: Aphids, Cankerworm, carbaryl (Sevin) 27% liquid 1 T
5 to 7 days after Codling Moth, diazinon 25% EC 2 t
petal-fall spray. Curculio, and malathion 50-57% EC 2 t
Oystershell Scale
Apple Scab Same as petal fall.
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COVER SPRAY: Apple Maggot**, carbaryl (Sevin) 27% liquid 1 T
Late Hune and Leafhoppers diazinon 25%
July EC 2 t, malathion 57%
EC 2 t
Apple Scab Same as petal fall.
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POST HARVEST DIP: Use 1.5 T Captan 50% WP per gallon of water.
Dip apples before putting in storage.
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*WP-wettable powder, EC-emulsifiable concentrate, t=tsp, T=tbsp
**NOTE: Early sprays will not control leafhoppers or apple maggots.
Watch for infestations and spray whenever insects appear on leaves
and fruit. Spraying for apple maggot should begin in late June or
early July and continue every 7 to 10 days through August.
Sanitation is helpful in apple maggot control. Dropped apples should
be picked up twice a week from early July through August to prevent
maggots from burrowing out of the apples into the soil.
Currants and Gooseberries
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INSECTS OR DISEASES MATERIAL TO USE PER
WHEN TO APPLY TO CONTROL 1 GALLON OF WATER*
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When leaves are Currant Worm, methoxychlor 50% WP 2 T
0.5" to 1" long Aphids, Currant
Fruit Fly
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When or while Currant Worm methoxychlor 50% WP 2 T
berries are
forming.
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Raspberries
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INSECTS OR DISEASES MATERIAL TO USE PER
WHEN TO APPLY TO CONTROL 1 GALLON OF WATER*
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DORMANT SPRAY: Anthracnose, Lime Sulphur 10 T
Spur Blight
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When blossom buds Powdery Mildew Benomyl 50% WP 0.75 T
first show and Do not apply with 3 days
again in 2 weeks. of harvest.
When blossom buds Aphids, Leafhoppers, carbaryl ( Sevin) 27%
first show. Sawfly liquid 1 T
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Strawberries
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INSECTS OR DISEASES MATERIAL TO USE PER
WHEN TO APPLY TO CONTROL 1 GALLON OF WATER*
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Before new growth Cyclamen mite and dicofol (Kelthane)
gegin in spring. other mites. Follow label directions.
Follow in 10 to
30 days with Leaf Spot Diseases Captan 50% WP 3 T
second applica- or Botrytis Fruit Benomyl 50% WP 1 T at 10%
tion. Do not Rot full bloom, 0.5 T every
spray plants when 10-to 14 days thereafter.
in bloom.
Kelthane may be
bloom and applied
within two days
of harvest.
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NOTE: Apply from time of new growth through end
of wet weather (10 day intervals).
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When first spring Tarnished Plant Bug, diazinon 25% EC 2 t
blossom buds Strawberry Weevil,
appear, repeat Red Spider Mite,
heavy rain until Sawfly
first fruit set.
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*WP=wettable powder, EC=emulsifiable concentrate, t=tsp, T=tblsp
E-299, February 1992
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