How Does The Web Work?

The Web is made up of a network of computers that understand Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). This protocol—or standard for sending data between computers—allows computers to become part of the Web. These computers are called Web servers because they store and distribute Web pages. Web pages can include text, graphics, audio, and video.

What is Hypertext?

Hypertext refers to the way we access information on the Web. To picture how hypertext works, first imagine reading a novel. Typically we read linearly, meaning that we begin on page one and continue reading until we reach the end. On the other hand, hypertext is a non-linear way of organizing and browsing Web pages. Instead of turning the page, we can "jump" to different pages by clicking on linked words or images embedded in Web pages.

Comparison of
linear and hypertext structure

Linear and Hypertext Compared

What is HTML?

Web pages are created using a series of codes called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). These codes let Web page designers control the formatting of a Web page, insert graphics, and create links to other pages on the Web.

For example, this HTML code:

<h1>This is a Level 1 Heading</h1>

Will look like:

This is a Level 1 Heading

Using HTML to create a Web page is much like using a word processor to write a document.

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The Master Internet Volunteer Program was developed by the University of Minnesota Extension Service and was adapted for use in North Dakota with permission. Copyright © 2000 North Dakota State University. All rights reserved.

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